Dissection Labs
Squid Lab:
In this lab, we were trying to learn how to properly dissect and view the anatomy of a squid. Our goal was to find out the purpose of the main parts, and maybe compare them to other species. Some of the main parts of the squid that we looked were the liver, the systemic heart, the cephalic vena cava, the buccal mass, the upper mandible, the lower mandible, and many more parts. I thought that the squid was a very interesting creature. I found it interesting how they swim up to 30 mph with just tentacles. I also thought it was cool that they evolved in hunting to grabbing other animals with their suction on their tentacles and just pulled them right into their mouth. I would say that squids are a successful species.
Sponge Lab:
In this lab, we were trying to learn how to properly dissect and view the anatomy of a sponge. Our goal was to find out the purpose of the main parts, and maybe compare them to other species. Some of the main parts of the sponge that we looked were the ostium, the incurrent canal, the radial canal, the spongocoel, the upper mandible, the lower mandible, and many more parts. I thought that the squid was a very interesting creature. I found it interesting how such a simple structure has been around for so long. I also thought it was cool that they evolved in hunting to grabbing other animals with their suction on their tentacles and just pulled them right into their mouth. I would say that squids are a successful species.
Chordata:
The phylum Chordata is a large phylum which contains animals that have a notochord at some stage in their development. The phylum has the subphylum Tunicata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata. Organisms in Tunicata are marine invertebrates such as Sea tulips. Cephalochordata is a very small subphylum, with only thirty species. These organisms are all primitive marine chordates in the class Lancelet. Vertebrata is the largest subphylum by far, with 57,000 species. These organisms are very diverse, but all have a vertebral column. Members of this group include cats, dogs, bears, deer, and humans.
To be classified as a chordate, an animal must have, at some point in its life, a dorsal, hollow nerve cord, a notochord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail that extends beyond the anus. Chordates are both predators and prey to many organisms. Some chordates, such as mice, are prey for many types of larger organisms, while other chordates, such as lions, eats many types of smaller organisms. Chordates can be carnivores, omnivores, or herbivores. This diverse phylum is essential for the survival of our ecosystem.
Arthropoda:
Members of the phylum Arthropoda, known as arthropods, are organisms with segmented bodies, tough exoskeletons, and jointed appendages. This phylum includes spiders, butterflies, shrimp, caterpillars,and lobsters, as well as many other creatures. A major subphylum of Arthropoda is Crustacea. Crustaceans typically have two pairs of antennae, two or three body sections, and chewing mouthparts called mandibles. Examples of organisms in this phylum are lobsters, crayfish, and crabs. Another major subphylum of Arthropoda is Chelicerata. These organisms include spiders, horseshoe crabs, ticks, mites, and scorpions. All of these organisms have mouthparts called chelicerae and two body sections, and nearly all have four pairs of walking legs. Insects and their relatives are in the subphylum Uniramia. These organisms have jaws, one pair of antennae, and unbranched appendages. Examples of insects are centipedes, millipedes, flies, bees, and
Arthropods have unique body structures and ecology. Some aspects of their body are segmented bodies, tough exoskeletons, and jointed appendages. Their exoskeletons are like a suit of armor that protects and supports the body. They are made of a protein and carbohydrate called chitin. Arthropods have jointed appendages which distinct them from many animals. They used them for their function such as feeding, breathing, circulation, and excretion.
Annelida:
Members of the phylum Annelida, known as annelids, are worms with segmented bodies, with a true coelom that is lined with tissue. Annelids include earthworms, leeches, sandworms, and bloodworms. These organisms are separated into three classes: Oligochaeta, Hirudinea, and Polychaetes. Oligochaeta is a class including annelids with streamlined bodies and relatively few setae compared to Polychaetes. These organisms are long, pinkish brown worms also known as earthworms. Hirudinea is a class containing leeches. These creatures are typically parasites that suck the blood and body fluids of their hosts. The last class in the phylum is Polychaetes. This class contains marine annelids that have paired, paddlelike appendages tipped with setae. These organisms live in coral reefs, sand and mud, or even in open water.
Earth worms are important in nature. They were noted as far back as greece. Aristotle called them the intestines of earth. He was so fascinated with them he wrote a book on them. Many Annelids spend their lives burrowing through soil aerating it and mixing it. The tunnels the worms make allow trails for water and plants to go through. They pull plant matter through the soil and they grind it partially digest and mix it. Earth worms feces are rich in potassium phosphorus beneficial bacteria and micronutrient. Earthworm are beneficial to many creatures' diets, and the ecosystem would be harmed without them.
Mollusca:
Members of the phylum Mollusca, known as mollusks, are soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external shells. Mollusks include snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopi. These organisms are separated into three classes: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda. Gastropoda is a class including pond snails, land slugs, sea butterflies, sea hares, limpets, and nudibranchs. All of these organisms are shell-less or single-shelled mollusks that move using a muscular foot on the ventral side. Members of the class Bivalvia have two shells that are held together by one or two powerful muscles. These organisms include clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops. The last class in this phylum is Cephalopoda - members of this class include octopi, squids, cuttlefishes, and nautiluses. Cephalopods are soft-bodied mollusks with a head attached to a single foot. This foot is often divided into tentacles or arms. This class is especially notable because its organisms have a concentration of nerves in the head.
Mollusks have an important part in ecology. They feed on plants, or other animals. They are able to “clean up” by filtering out algae. They do this by eating the detritus in the algae. Not only do mollusks eat, but they are also important sources of food for many animals, including humans. Humans will eat clams for the most part. People will most commonly eat clams. Each day, our understanding of mollusks expands, and it will continue to for many years to come.
In this lab, we were trying to learn how to properly dissect and view the anatomy of a squid. Our goal was to find out the purpose of the main parts, and maybe compare them to other species. Some of the main parts of the squid that we looked were the liver, the systemic heart, the cephalic vena cava, the buccal mass, the upper mandible, the lower mandible, and many more parts. I thought that the squid was a very interesting creature. I found it interesting how they swim up to 30 mph with just tentacles. I also thought it was cool that they evolved in hunting to grabbing other animals with their suction on their tentacles and just pulled them right into their mouth. I would say that squids are a successful species.
Sponge Lab:
In this lab, we were trying to learn how to properly dissect and view the anatomy of a sponge. Our goal was to find out the purpose of the main parts, and maybe compare them to other species. Some of the main parts of the sponge that we looked were the ostium, the incurrent canal, the radial canal, the spongocoel, the upper mandible, the lower mandible, and many more parts. I thought that the squid was a very interesting creature. I found it interesting how such a simple structure has been around for so long. I also thought it was cool that they evolved in hunting to grabbing other animals with their suction on their tentacles and just pulled them right into their mouth. I would say that squids are a successful species.
Chordata:
The phylum Chordata is a large phylum which contains animals that have a notochord at some stage in their development. The phylum has the subphylum Tunicata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata. Organisms in Tunicata are marine invertebrates such as Sea tulips. Cephalochordata is a very small subphylum, with only thirty species. These organisms are all primitive marine chordates in the class Lancelet. Vertebrata is the largest subphylum by far, with 57,000 species. These organisms are very diverse, but all have a vertebral column. Members of this group include cats, dogs, bears, deer, and humans.
To be classified as a chordate, an animal must have, at some point in its life, a dorsal, hollow nerve cord, a notochord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail that extends beyond the anus. Chordates are both predators and prey to many organisms. Some chordates, such as mice, are prey for many types of larger organisms, while other chordates, such as lions, eats many types of smaller organisms. Chordates can be carnivores, omnivores, or herbivores. This diverse phylum is essential for the survival of our ecosystem.
Arthropoda:
Members of the phylum Arthropoda, known as arthropods, are organisms with segmented bodies, tough exoskeletons, and jointed appendages. This phylum includes spiders, butterflies, shrimp, caterpillars,and lobsters, as well as many other creatures. A major subphylum of Arthropoda is Crustacea. Crustaceans typically have two pairs of antennae, two or three body sections, and chewing mouthparts called mandibles. Examples of organisms in this phylum are lobsters, crayfish, and crabs. Another major subphylum of Arthropoda is Chelicerata. These organisms include spiders, horseshoe crabs, ticks, mites, and scorpions. All of these organisms have mouthparts called chelicerae and two body sections, and nearly all have four pairs of walking legs. Insects and their relatives are in the subphylum Uniramia. These organisms have jaws, one pair of antennae, and unbranched appendages. Examples of insects are centipedes, millipedes, flies, bees, and
Arthropods have unique body structures and ecology. Some aspects of their body are segmented bodies, tough exoskeletons, and jointed appendages. Their exoskeletons are like a suit of armor that protects and supports the body. They are made of a protein and carbohydrate called chitin. Arthropods have jointed appendages which distinct them from many animals. They used them for their function such as feeding, breathing, circulation, and excretion.
Annelida:
Members of the phylum Annelida, known as annelids, are worms with segmented bodies, with a true coelom that is lined with tissue. Annelids include earthworms, leeches, sandworms, and bloodworms. These organisms are separated into three classes: Oligochaeta, Hirudinea, and Polychaetes. Oligochaeta is a class including annelids with streamlined bodies and relatively few setae compared to Polychaetes. These organisms are long, pinkish brown worms also known as earthworms. Hirudinea is a class containing leeches. These creatures are typically parasites that suck the blood and body fluids of their hosts. The last class in the phylum is Polychaetes. This class contains marine annelids that have paired, paddlelike appendages tipped with setae. These organisms live in coral reefs, sand and mud, or even in open water.
Earth worms are important in nature. They were noted as far back as greece. Aristotle called them the intestines of earth. He was so fascinated with them he wrote a book on them. Many Annelids spend their lives burrowing through soil aerating it and mixing it. The tunnels the worms make allow trails for water and plants to go through. They pull plant matter through the soil and they grind it partially digest and mix it. Earth worms feces are rich in potassium phosphorus beneficial bacteria and micronutrient. Earthworm are beneficial to many creatures' diets, and the ecosystem would be harmed without them.
Mollusca:
Members of the phylum Mollusca, known as mollusks, are soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external shells. Mollusks include snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopi. These organisms are separated into three classes: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda. Gastropoda is a class including pond snails, land slugs, sea butterflies, sea hares, limpets, and nudibranchs. All of these organisms are shell-less or single-shelled mollusks that move using a muscular foot on the ventral side. Members of the class Bivalvia have two shells that are held together by one or two powerful muscles. These organisms include clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops. The last class in this phylum is Cephalopoda - members of this class include octopi, squids, cuttlefishes, and nautiluses. Cephalopods are soft-bodied mollusks with a head attached to a single foot. This foot is often divided into tentacles or arms. This class is especially notable because its organisms have a concentration of nerves in the head.
Mollusks have an important part in ecology. They feed on plants, or other animals. They are able to “clean up” by filtering out algae. They do this by eating the detritus in the algae. Not only do mollusks eat, but they are also important sources of food for many animals, including humans. Humans will eat clams for the most part. People will most commonly eat clams. Each day, our understanding of mollusks expands, and it will continue to for many years to come.
Frog Lab:
The phylum chordata contains creatures that have a notochord, a dorsal neural tube, pharyngeal slits, a post anal tail, and an endostyle at some point in their lives. The phylum is in the kingdom animalia, and contains three subphyla: Tunicata, Vertebrata, and Cephalochordata. One special aspect that classifies chordata are that they have spines with backbones. There are a total of twenty classes in Chordata, the largest of which is Actinopterygii, or ray finned fish. Our class, synapsida, includes all mammals, which is a total of about 5,700 species. The closest non-chordate relatives to Chordata are Hemichordates, which have stomochords instead of notochords, and Echinoderms, which have radial symmetry.
The anatomy of a frog was very interesting. Frogs are magnificent creatures with very very strong limbs. mmmm muy interesante. The frogs are very fat and have spaghetti shaped structures that have bright orange or yellow colors. The peritoneum of the frog is a spider web like substance that covers many of the organs. The liver is actually the largest organ in the frog. The liver’s main task is to digest food. The way it does this, is by using a secret digestive juice called bile. Bile is responsible for the digestion of fats. The heart is at the top of the liver, and is a triangular structure. The lungs are located underneath and behind the liver and heart. The Gallbladder's job is to store bile. It lifts the lobes of the liver. The stomach is the first major site of chemical digestion. The pyloric sphincter valve regulates the exit of digested food from the stomach to the small intestine. The first straight portion of the intestine is called the duodenum, the curved portion is the ilium. It is held together by the mesentetry. The large intestine is known as the cloaca in the frog, cloaca means sewer in Spanish. The spleen returns to the folds of the mesentetry. The spleen is the place where it holds the blood. The esophagus is a tube that leads from the frogs mouth to stomach.
Perch:
In this lab we were trying to learn how to properly dissect, and learn about the anatomy of a perch. The perch (perca fluviatilis), is apart of the genus, perca. The perch live in water mostly small ponds and streams. They prefer areas with plenty of water vegetation for hiding. The perch often school together in deep water and at dawn and dusk come to shallow areas to feed. Perch mate and lay eggs in spring often attaching them to underwater vegetation or sticks. Young perch eat mostly algae and plankton when they grow they begin to eat aquatic insects and other small animals. Perches predators include pretty much anything bigger than them that is aquatic and carnivorous. The perch contains six fins. These fins are the pectoral fin, plevic fin, anal fin, caudal fin, soft dorsal fin, and spiny dorsal fin. Perches have an olfactory bulb right in between their eyes. This body bart helps them smell food, and even predators. The perch also has a gonad, ventricle, and swim bladder. I think that the perch is a very amazing and complex creature. The perch is a product of evolution, in that they have many organs and glands that help them survive their predators, and get food for themselves
The phylum chordata contains creatures that have a notochord, a dorsal neural tube, pharyngeal slits, a post anal tail, and an endostyle at some point in their lives. The phylum is in the kingdom animalia, and contains three subphyla: Tunicata, Vertebrata, and Cephalochordata. One special aspect that classifies chordata are that they have spines with backbones. There are a total of twenty classes in Chordata, the largest of which is Actinopterygii, or ray finned fish. Our class, synapsida, includes all mammals, which is a total of about 5,700 species. The closest non-chordate relatives to Chordata are Hemichordates, which have stomochords instead of notochords, and Echinoderms, which have radial symmetry.
The anatomy of a frog was very interesting. Frogs are magnificent creatures with very very strong limbs. mmmm muy interesante. The frogs are very fat and have spaghetti shaped structures that have bright orange or yellow colors. The peritoneum of the frog is a spider web like substance that covers many of the organs. The liver is actually the largest organ in the frog. The liver’s main task is to digest food. The way it does this, is by using a secret digestive juice called bile. Bile is responsible for the digestion of fats. The heart is at the top of the liver, and is a triangular structure. The lungs are located underneath and behind the liver and heart. The Gallbladder's job is to store bile. It lifts the lobes of the liver. The stomach is the first major site of chemical digestion. The pyloric sphincter valve regulates the exit of digested food from the stomach to the small intestine. The first straight portion of the intestine is called the duodenum, the curved portion is the ilium. It is held together by the mesentetry. The large intestine is known as the cloaca in the frog, cloaca means sewer in Spanish. The spleen returns to the folds of the mesentetry. The spleen is the place where it holds the blood. The esophagus is a tube that leads from the frogs mouth to stomach.
Perch:
In this lab we were trying to learn how to properly dissect, and learn about the anatomy of a perch. The perch (perca fluviatilis), is apart of the genus, perca. The perch live in water mostly small ponds and streams. They prefer areas with plenty of water vegetation for hiding. The perch often school together in deep water and at dawn and dusk come to shallow areas to feed. Perch mate and lay eggs in spring often attaching them to underwater vegetation or sticks. Young perch eat mostly algae and plankton when they grow they begin to eat aquatic insects and other small animals. Perches predators include pretty much anything bigger than them that is aquatic and carnivorous. The perch contains six fins. These fins are the pectoral fin, plevic fin, anal fin, caudal fin, soft dorsal fin, and spiny dorsal fin. Perches have an olfactory bulb right in between their eyes. This body bart helps them smell food, and even predators. The perch also has a gonad, ventricle, and swim bladder. I think that the perch is a very amazing and complex creature. The perch is a product of evolution, in that they have many organs and glands that help them survive their predators, and get food for themselves